2 Samuel 19:7

Authorized King James Version

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Now therefore arise, go forth, and speak comfortably unto thy servants: for I swear by the LORD, if thou go not forth, there will not tarry one with thee this night: and that will be worse unto thee than all the evil that befell thee from thy youth until now.

Original Language Analysis

וְעַתָּה֙ H6258
וְעַתָּה֙
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 1 of 29
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
ק֣וּם Now therefore arise H6965
ק֣וּם Now therefore arise
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 2 of 29
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
יוֹצֵ֗א go forth H3318
יוֹצֵ֗א go forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 3 of 29
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
וְדַבֵּ֖ר and speak H1696
וְדַבֵּ֖ר and speak
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 4 of 29
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 5 of 29
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
לֵ֣ב comfortably H3820
לֵ֣ב comfortably
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 6 of 29
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
עֲבָדֶ֑יךָ unto thy servants H5650
עֲבָדֶ֑יךָ unto thy servants
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 7 of 29
a servant
כִּי֩ H3588
כִּי֩
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 8 of 29
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
בַֽיהוָ֨ה by the LORD H3068
בַֽיהוָ֨ה by the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 9 of 29
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
נִשְׁבַּ֜עְתִּי for I swear H7650
נִשְׁבַּ֜עְתִּי for I swear
Strong's: H7650
Word #: 10 of 29
to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 11 of 29
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אֵינְךָ֣ H369
אֵינְךָ֣
Strong's: H369
Word #: 12 of 29
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
יוֹצֵ֗א go forth H3318
יוֹצֵ֗א go forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 13 of 29
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
אִם H518
אִם
Strong's: H518
Word #: 14 of 29
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
יָלִ֨ין there will not tarry H3885
יָלִ֨ין there will not tarry
Strong's: H3885
Word #: 15 of 29
to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain)
אִ֤ישׁ one H376
אִ֤ישׁ one
Strong's: H376
Word #: 16 of 29
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אִתְּךָ֙ H854
אִתְּךָ֙
Strong's: H854
Word #: 17 of 29
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
הַלַּ֔יְלָה with thee this night H3915
הַלַּ֔יְלָה with thee this night
Strong's: H3915
Word #: 18 of 29
properly, a twist (away of the light), i.e., night; figuratively, adversity
וְרָעָ֧ה and that will be worse H7489
וְרָעָ֧ה and that will be worse
Strong's: H7489
Word #: 19 of 29
properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing, i.e., bad (physically, socially or morally)
לְךָ֣ H0
לְךָ֣
Strong's: H0
Word #: 20 of 29
זֹ֗את H2063
זֹ֗את
Strong's: H2063
Word #: 21 of 29
this (often used adverb)
מִכָּל H3605
מִכָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 22 of 29
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הָֽרָעָה֙ unto thee than all the evil H7451
הָֽרָעָה֙ unto thee than all the evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 23 of 29
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 24 of 29
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
בָּ֣אָה that befell H935
בָּ֣אָה that befell
Strong's: H935
Word #: 25 of 29
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
עָלֶ֔יךָ H5921
עָלֶ֔יךָ
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 26 of 29
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
מִנְּעֻרֶ֖יךָ thee from thy youth H5271
מִנְּעֻרֶ֖יךָ thee from thy youth
Strong's: H5271
Word #: 27 of 29
(only in plural collective or emphatic form) youth, the state (juvenility) or the persons (young people)
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 28 of 29
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
עָֽתָּה׃ H6258
עָֽתָּה׃
Strong's: H6258
Word #: 29 of 29
at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive

Analysis & Commentary

Now therefore arise, go forth, and speak comfortably unto thy servants: for I swear by the LORD, if thou go not forth, there will not tarry one with thee this night: and that will be worse unto thee than all the evil that befell thee from thy youth until now.

This verse contributes to the narrative of David's Return, emphasizing restoration, leadership wisdom. David's return to Jerusalem requires political wisdom as he navigates competing factions. His restoration of enemies (Shimei) and reward of supporters demonstrates leadership discernment. Theological themes include wise leadership during restoration, the complexity of post-crisis reconciliation, balancing justice and mercy, and the necessity of moving forward despite ongoing tensions.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 19 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding restoration, leadership wisdom provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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